Time interval from the end of sperm processing to artificial intrauterine in semination with husband's sperm correlates to the rate of clinical pregnancy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of the time interval from the end of semen processing to artificial intrauterine in semination with husband's sperm (AIH-IUI) on the rate of clinical pregnancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study involved 191 AIH-IUI cycles with the same ovulation induction protocol. After Percoll density gradient centrifugation, we divided the sperm into four groups based on the incubation time: 0-19, 20-39, 40-59, and 60-80 min, and again into another four groups according to the total progressively motile sperm count (TPMC): (0-9), (10-20), (21-30), and > 30 x 10(6). We analyzed the correlation of the clinical pregnancy rate with the time interval from the end of sperm processing to AIH-IUI and with other influencing factors, such as maternal age, infertility duration, and semen quality.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of clinical pregnancy was significantly higher in the 20-39 min group (18.3%) than in the 0-19, 40-59, and 60-80 min groups (12.7, 11.4 and 9.1%) (all P < 0.05). The (10-20) x 10(6) group achieved a remarkably higher pregnancy rate (16.7%) than the (0-9), (21-30), and > 30 x 10(6) groups (0, 11.4, and 8.3%) (all P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the rate of clinical pregnancy was decreased with the increased age of the women (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.94) but significantly elevated in the 20-39 min group (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.34-3.13) and of (10-20) x 10(6) group (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.32-3.46).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The time interval from the end of sperm processing to AIH-IUI is a most significant factor influencing the rate of clinical pregnancy of AIH-IUI.</p>

A Study on Relationship between Anti -diarrhea Medicine Sales Volume and the Incidence of Diarrhea in Hangzhou / 预防医学

Objective To examine the association between anti -diarrhea medicine sales volume and the reported cases of intestinal infectious diseases in Hangzhou.Methods Sales data of three over -the -counter drugs including G dysentery Sha,berberine and Smecta from 2006 to 2010 were collected and standardize.Correlations between out -patient cases of infectious and non -infectious diarrheal from 9 hospitals and medicine sales volume were analyzed respectively.Results From 2006 to 2010,berberine had the highest standardized daily drug dose (DDD)with median 1 600.32.The peak of DDD occurred on July in year 2007,2008 and 2012;while on August in year 2006,2009 and 2010.There was positive correlation between medicine sales volume and infectious diarrhea in year 2006,2007,2008 and 2010,the correlation coefficients were 0.635,0.448,0.298 and 0.217 respectively (P <0.01).The same correlation was occurred in non -infectious diarrhea in year 2006 to 2008 as well and the total correlation coefficient of the three years was 0.419 (P <0.01).Conclusion A positive correlation has been found between the anti -diarrheal medicine sales volume and incidence of infectious and non -infectious intestinal diseases,demonstrating that pharmacy monitoring could have a positive effect on early detection of outbreaks of intestinal diseases.

The study of early application with Dixiong Decoction (地芎汤) for non-small cell lung cancer to decrease the incidence and severity of radiation pneumonitis: A prospective, randomized clinical trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of compound Dixiong Decoction (地芎汤, a Chinese herbal decoction) on early prevention of radiation pneumonitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-six patients with non-small cell lung cancer who were planning to receive radiotherapy were randomly assigned to the treatment group treated with the compound Dixiong Decoction and the control group treated with a commonly used herbal decoction which has the effects of supplementing qi and nourishing yin, clearing heat and detoxifying at the time of radiotherapy. Primary measure was the incidence of radiation pneumonitis after radiotherapy. Secondary outcomes included Watters clinical radiographic physiologic (CRP) dyspnea score, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) grading score, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, and the application of corticosteroids.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of radiation pneumonitis in the treatment group was 10.0%, while that in the control group was 26.3% (P=0.0032). The Watters CRP dyspnea score and RTOG grading score in the treatment group were significantly =lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The KPS score in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). The dosage of corticosteroids was smaller with a shorter duration of therapy in the treatment group than that in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The early application of the Chinese herbal decoction compound Dixiong Decoction can decrease the incidence of radiation pneumonitis, reduce the injury of the lung, and improve the life quality of the patients.</p>

A survey on eperythrozoon infection in the population from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the situation of eperythrozoon (EPE) infection in the population from Hangzhou. Methods According to the situation in Hangzhou, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the study population. Venous blood specimens from the studied objects were collected before an Improved Wright-Giemsa Fast Dyeing method was used. Microscopic examination was applied to test their condition of infection. SPSS 13.0 software was applied for statistical analysis.Results Totally, 580 persons were under investigation in this study, including 111 with jobs ( 'occupational' ) and another 118 served as internal controls of them. The rest 351 were considered as external controls. Finally, 54 people were detected as having EPE infection with a total positive rate as 9.31%. The infection rates were 20.72%(23/111), 7.12%(25/351) and 5.08%(6/118) among the 'occupational' population, external controls and the internal controls, respectively. The difference among these three rates was statistically significant (χ2=21.60, P<0.05). There was also significant difference found in the infection rate between people who washed their hands promptly after being exposed to animal coat, raw meat or animal excrements and those who did not wash their hands in time. The infection rate of the population who washed hands with soap or other cleaning products was lower than that of those who washed hands with only water (χ2=6.76, P<0.05). We found that residential area, pet feeding, exposure to animal coat/raw meat/animal excrement, trauma were not risk factors of EPE infection. People with higher education degree had lower risk to EPE infection than those with low education. The infection rate was not different between the populations with different eating habits. The Improved Wright-Giemsa Fast Dyeing method used in this study was good in detecting the positive rates and easy to handle. Conclusion The risk factors to EPE infection were livestock contacting, washing their hands not promptly or washing hands without soap or other cleaning products after contacting.

Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the microenvironment dependent differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell to vaso-endothelioid formative cells in vitro / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the microenvironment dependent differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to vaso-endothelioid cells (VECs) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The in vitro differentiation of hMSCs to VECs were established adopting the in vivo environment simulated semi-permeable membrane separated non-contact co-culturing method. The mRNA expressions of endothelial markers, such as platelet endothelial adhesive factor-1 (CD31), vascular hemophillia factor (vWF) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) were analyzed by RT-PCR; the protein expressions of CD31 and vascular endothelial adhesive factor-1 (VCAM1) were detected by fluorescence immunohistochemistry; structural identification for the endothelial characteristics of differentiated hMSCs were made under electron microscopy; and the percentage of CD31 expression in differentiated hMSCs was determined by flow cytometry to explore the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the differentiation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with mature endothelial membrane showed a microenvironment dependent capacity for differentiating to endothelium, with the morphological changes revealed starting from the 2nd week, showing cell body contraction, polygonal-shaped change; and at the 3rd week, the markedly speedily cell proliferation with elliptic or slabstone-like change of cells. High levels of classic endothelial cell markers, such as mRNA expressions of CD31, vWF, VE-cadherin, and protein expressions of CD31 and VCAM1, were shown; the typical weibel-palade body of endothelial cell was found in the differentiated cells. Moreover, percentage of CD31 expression in the differentiated hMSCs was increased after Rg1 treatment dose-dependently.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Under the microenvironment of co-culture, hMSCs could differentiate into cells presenting the characteristics of endothelial cell in aspects of the morphology and ultrastructure of cells, as well as the gene and protein expressions of cell markers; ginsenoside Rg1 can promote the microenvironment dependent differentiation of hMSCs to VECs system in vitro.</p>